Many industrial machines rely on hydraulic systems and at the center of these systems is usually an external gear pumps. Because it is simple, dependable and inexpensive, this pump helps move hydraulic fluid with accuracy.
Common Uses:
Hydraulic systems that are use in industry
- Lubrication circuits
- Agricultural machinery
- Chemical processing
What Is the Operating Process of an External Gear Pump?
The working principle of a gear pump is explain here.
- Inside the casing, two gears (driven and idler) are able to rotate.
- As the gears separate on the inlet side, they make a vacuum that draws fluid into the pump.
- The fluid is found between the gear teeth and the pump housing.
- After that, the powder is moves around the casing and is released when the gears meet on the other side.
Gear pumps give a steady flow of fluid, even when the pressure fluctuates, so they are perfect for controlling precise amounts of fluid.
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Main Components of an External Gear Pump
Being familiar with all parts of the pump will help you maintain, repair and pick the right model for your needs.
- Gears
Generally, they are made from steel or bronze.
There are two external gears and the motor turns one, while the other one rotates freely.
Gear teeth are design to hold the hydraulic fluid inside the chambers.
- Pump Housing
Surrounds the gears and marks the places where fluids are admitted and removed.
Cast iron, aluminum or stainless steel are use to make them.
If the casing is properly sealed, it leads to less leakage and better performance.
- Bushings / Bearings
Support the gear shafts and lower the amount of friction.
Essential for the machine to run well for a long time.
It should be checked regularly to see if there is any damage.
- Shaft Seals
Make sure hydraulic fluid does not escape the pump.
Elastomers or mechanical seals are generally use to create them.
Sealing the tank correctly is necessary to keep the pressure.
- Ports for Inlet and Outlet
Let the pump take in and release fluids.
The fitting should be able to join the hose or pipe in the hydraulic system.
- Drive Shaft
It connects the driven gear to the motor or engine.
Takes power from the engine and sets the gears in motion.
External Gear Pump vs. Internal Gear Pump
Despite being both gear pumps, they vary in their design and how they work.
| Feature | External Gear Pump | Internal Gear Pump |
| Design | Two identical external gears | One internal and one external gear |
| Flow rate | Constant and steady | Smooth and quiet |
| Size | More compact | Slightly bulkier |
| Applications | General industrial and mobile | High-viscosity fluids and quieter operations |
When in India and you require a durable pump for fluid handling, an THM Huade external gear pump is commonly picked since it is both affordable and easy to obtain.
Benefits of Using External Gear Pumps in Hydraulic Systems
- The pump is among the most affordable hydraulic pumps on the market.
- Durable Performance: Vane pumps are more sensitive to contamination than this type of pump.
- You can install them in places where space is limited.
- Can be use with different types of fluids, for example, oil, fuel and chemicals.
- It can work under high pressure, up to 250 bar (depending on the particular model).
Installation & Maintenance Tips
Installation Tips:
- It is important to mount the pump below the fluid reservoir so that it can suck the fluid properly.
- Ensure the shaft is align correctly to stop the seals from wearing out too soon.
- Use clean fluid to help your components last longer.
Maintenance Tips:
- Check shaft seals and bearings from time to time to notice any leaks or damage.
- Watch the fluid temperature to make sure it does not become too hot.
- You should clean the inlet strainers or filters from time to time.
- If you care for your hydraulic gear pump properly, it will last for a longer time and function better.
Applications of External Gear Pumps in India
In India, many industries rely on external gear pumps for their operations.
- Hydraulic presses
- Machines for injection molding
- Hydraulic lifts that attach to tractors
- Maintaining the proper lubrication of the CNC machine
- Construction equipment
Indian manufacturers and OEMs prefer them due to their low maintenance needs and compatibility with local hydraulic systems.
Final Thoughts on External Gear Pump Components
Choosing the right gear pump for your system is essential for smooth operations and cost efficiency. With fewer moving parts and a robust design, the
external gear pump is a prefer option for industries across India. It combines affordability, functionality, and ease of maintenance—making it ideal for a wide range of hydraulic applications.
Whether you are replacing an existing unit or designing a new hydraulic system, understanding each component of the external gear pump will help you make informed decisions.
FAQs:
Q1. How does an external gear pump work?
This type of pump uses two gears that rotate to hold and move fluid between the gears and pump housing. It results in a smooth movement of water from the inlet to the outlet.
Q2. Why do we use a gear pump?
Gear pumps are chosen because they can provide a steady and even flow. They are dependable, not bulky and designed for use in high-pressure hydraulic systems.
Q3. What is the function of the gearbox pump?
Hydraulic fluid is moved efficiently through systems by using a gearbox pump (gear pump). It allows mechanical energy to be changed into fluid power which is used to run machines.
Q4. Why do we use gear in motor?
The speed, direction and torque in motors are controlled by their gears. They help mechanical systems work better and use less energy by adjusting the motor’s output to the application.
Q5. Which pump has high efficiency?
Axial piston pumps are known to be the most efficient hydraulic pumps. Even so, properly maintained gear pumps often work very well in various systems.
